Nanotechnology Applications In Energy Resources Development

Nano technology provides the potential for significant improvements to the development of two conventional energy sources (fossil fuels and nuclear) and renewable energy sources such as geothermal, solar, wind, hydro, tidal or biomass. Nano-coated wear resistant drill probes, eg for optimization performs age and efficiency of the system for the development of oil and natural gas deposits or geothermal energy, thus it will save costs. For more examples, the task of nanomaterials for propeller lighter while in power quite heavy wind and waves, and therefore must be included corrosion protection coating for pressure mechanical components (bearings, gear boxes, etc.).

Nano technology will play an important role especially in the intensive use of solar energy through photovoltaic systems. In the case of conventional crystalline silicon solar cells, for example, to increase the efficiency achieved by an antireflection coating that produces a higher light. This will be the further development of alternative cell types, such as thin-layer solar cells (eg from silicon or other material systems such as copper / indium / selenium), dye solar cells or polymer solar cells, most of which will benefit from nanotechnologies . Polymer solar cells are said to have high potential, especially regarding the supply of portable electronic devices, because the material is quite expensive and production methods, and design flexibility.

Medium-term target of development is about 10% efficiency and lifetime of several years. here can be exemplified, nanotechnologies can contribute to the optimization of the design and the morphology of the mixed layer in the structure of organic semiconductor components. in the long term, the use of nanostructures, such as quantum dots and wires, could allow for solar cell efficiency over 60%.
ACC: Dr. And Prof. Alois Rhiel. Dr. Jurgen Schmid